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Le. First Aid USMLE Step 1. Neurology & Special Senses. 30e. 2020.

CONTENTS
1 EMBRYOLOGY
Neural Development
Regional Specifcation of Developing Brain
Central and peripheral NS origins
Neural tube defects
Spina bifida occulta
Meningocele
Meningomyelocele
Myeloschisis
Anencephaly
Holoprosencephaly
Lissencephaly
Posterior fossa malformations
Chiari I malformation
Chiari II malformation
Dandy-Walker malformation
Syringomyelia
Tongue development
2 ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
Neurons
Astrocytes
Microglia
Ependymal cells
Myelin
Schwann cells
Oligodendrocytes
Sensory receptors
Peripheral nerve
Chromatolysis
Neurotransmitter changes with disease
Meninges
Blood-Brain Barrier
Vomiting center
Sleep physiology
Hypothalamus
Thalamus
Limbic system
Dopaminergic pathways
Cerebellum
Basal ganglia
Cerebral cortex regions
Cerebral perfusion
Homunculus
Cerebral arteries—cortical distribution
Circle of Willis
Dural venous sinuses
Ventricular system
Brain stem—ventral view
Brain stem—dorsal view (cerebellum removed)
Cranial nerve nuclei
Cranial nerve and vessel pathways
Cranial nerves
Vagal nuclei
Cranial nerve reflexes
Mastication muscles
Spinal nerves
Spinal cord—lower extent
Spinal cord and associated tracts
Spinal tract anatomy and functions
Clinical reflexes
Primitive reflexes
Landmark dermatomes
3 PATHOLOGY
Common Brain Lesions
Ischemic Brain Disease/Stroke
Neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage
Intracranial Hemorrhage
Effects of Strokes
Central post-stroke pain syndrome
Diffuse axonal injury
Aphasia
Aneurysms
Seizures
Fever vs heat stroke
Headaches
Movement disorders
Neurodegenerative disorders
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri)
Hydrocephalus
Multiple sclerosis
Other demyelinating & dysmyelinating diseases
Neurocutaneous disorders
Adult Primary Brain
Childhood Primary Brain
Herniation syndromes
Motor neuron signs
Spinal cord lesions
Poliomyelitis
Brown-Séquard syndrome
Friedreich ataxia
Common cranial nerve lesions
Facial nerve lesions
4 OTOLOGY
Auditory physiology
Diagnosing hearing loss
Types of hearing loss
Cholesteatoma
Vertigo
5 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Normal eye
Conjunctivitis
Refractive errors
Cataract
Aqueous humor pathway
Glaucoma
Uveitis
Age-related macular degeneration
Diabetic retinopathy
Hypertensive retinopathy
Retinal vein occlusion
Retinal detachment
Central retinal artery occlusion
Retinitis pigmentosa
Papilledema
Leukocoria
Pupillary control
Marcus Gunn pupil
Horner syndrome
Ocular motility
CN III, IV, VI palsies
Visual field defects
Cavernous sinus
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia
6 PHARMACOLOGY
Epilepsy drugs
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics
Suvorexant
Ramelteon
Triptans
Parkinson disease drugs
Levodopa/carbidopa
Selegiline, rasagiline
Neurodegenerative disease drugs
Anesthetics—general principles
Inhaled anesthetics
Intravenous anesthetics
Local anesthetics
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
Spasmolytics, antispasmodics
Opioid analgesics
Mixed agonist and antagonist opioid analgesics
Tramadol
Glaucoma drugs